Abstract
The study area is located in Baiji province characterized by anthropogenic activities which may affect the groundwater quality. Therefore, the present work was intended for assessing groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking. Groundwater samples were collected from 33 different well, then analyzed to determine 20 parameter which are TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, NO3, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, B and Se. Nemerow Pollution Index Synthetic Pollution Index, and Pollution Index of Groundwater were used for determining groundwater suitability for human consumption. Nemerow Pollution Index values indicate that groundwater pollution is ranged from seriously to moderately polluted. According to Synthetic Pollution Index results, the water samples were moderately polluted to unsuitable for drinking. Depending on the rating of Pollution Index of Groundwater values, groundwater was polluted.
Highlights
Groundwater represents an important and vital natural resource for thousands of people living in the villages
To calculate Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI), first the single factor pollution index (Pi) is calculated, we find the average value of Pi, and uses the average values and the maximum value of Pi in calculating NPI (Zhang et al 2017) as in the equation below: (1)
Where Pi indicates the individual pollution index of the pollutants i, Ci is the measured concentration of pollutants i; and Si is the standard value according to WHO; n is the number of pollutants; Pimax is the maximum value of the individual pollution index of the investigated pollutants; and Piave refers to the mean value of Pi
Summary
Groundwater represents an important and vital natural resource for thousands of people living in the villages. Groundwater is a source for drinking, bathing and other household uses, especially during periods of interruption of drinking water supply (Awadh et al 2016). For this reason, determining the quality of groundwater for human uses is important in this regard (Abd El- Hamid and Hegazy, 2017). Human activities are often a source of pollutants, especially toxic metals. The study area is characterized by two types of human activities, namely, industrial and agricultural activities. The agricultural activities include applying pesticides and fertilizers.
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