Assessment of grain productivity and adaptability of domestic and foreign varieties of spring barley in the non-chernozem zone of the Russian federation

Abstract

Evaluation of 160 collection samples during 2016-2020 in the conditions of the Moscow region on the level and limits of yield, on the indicators of plasticity and stability was carried out in order to reveal their adaptive potential. A high degree of yield dependence on the conditions of the growing season of barley was revealed. The highest productivity potential is found in samples of Belarus (7.37 t/ha), Germany (7.17 t/ha) and France (7.26 t/ha). The smallest difference between the yield under contrasting conditions determined the increased stress resistance of Kazakhstan collection numbers. Due to a positive combination of high potential productivity and increased resistance to biotic environmental factors, the Belarusian group of varieties exceeded the average annual yield of the entire gene pool by 6.0%. In relation to the main problems of breeding, the best forms that are most promising for further breeding work to increase adaptive potential were selected: Reliable, (Moscow region); Bagret, K-30988 (Sverdlovsk region); Magutny, K-31149, Radzimich, VA 08000190, Fest, VA 08000191, Vodar, K-31146, Khago, K-31147 (Belarus) Solntsedar, K-31098 (Ukraine); Graice, K-31216, Sunshine, K-31129 (Germany); Pioneer, K-31250 (France). Samples with high responsiveness to improvement of cultivation conditions (bi=1.02-1.33), which are of practical interest to increase the productivity potential - Reliable, Bagret, Magutny, Radzimich, Fest, Hago, Grace. Special attention should be paid to the varieties Vodar, Solntsedar and Sunshine, which are characterized as highly geostatic in terms of the level and stability of yield (PUSS=122.4-129.9). They are able to give a relatively high yield in favorable conditions, and due to genetic characteristics, they are less likely than other varieties to reduce it in contrast.