Assessment of glucose variability in subjects with prediabetes

Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess glucose variability in subjects with prediabetes by means of CGM. Material and methods: 32 subjects with prediabetes – mean age 56.6 ± 9.6 years, mean BMI 30.3 ± 5.3 kg/m2 and 18 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) – mean age 54.4 ± 9.9 years, mean BMI 24.8 ± 6.9 kg/m2, were enrolled. Glucose tolerance was studied during OGTT. HbA1c was measured by NGSP certified method. CGM was performed with FreeStyle Libre Pro sensor. Results: The following indices of glucose variability were significantly higher in the prediabetes group – CV (p < 0.041), J-index (p < 0.014), CONGA (p < 0.047) and GRADE (p < 0.036). A significant increase in HbA1c (p < 0.036), mean interstitial glucose (p < 0.025), time above range (p < 0.018) and a significant decrease in time in range (p < 0.014) was found in prediabetes compared to NGT. Significant correlations between HbA1c and LBGI (r = −0.33, p = 0.02), HBGI (r = 0.31, p = 0.03), CONGA (r = 0.36, p = 0.01), J-index (r = 0.37, p = 0.01) and M−value (r = −0.34, p = 0.02) were established. Conclusion: Glucose variability is significantly increased in prediabetes and is an additional parameter in the assessment of glucose homeostasis even at these early stages of glucose dysregulation.