Assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of food products by bioassay methods

M V Zaytseva

doi:10.21323/2414-438x-2021-6-2-191-195

Abstract

The current state of studies on application and safety of food additives in various technologies for food production is examined. Considerable attention should be given to studies dedicated to analysis of food safety criteria due to a possibility of appearance of adverse consequences for human health and the trend towards increasing life quality. Special emphasis is placed on such parameters as genotoxicity and mutagenicity. It is shown that the most rapid and convenient tool for complex monitoring of product toxicity can be the bioassay procedure. Based on the review of the literature on bioassays for edible meat and meat products, canned foods, carbonated soft drinks, beer, milk and milk containing products as well as seasonings, the authors show that above mentioned products had the cyto- and genotoxic potential when tested on animal and human cell cultures, microorganisms and plants. With that, it was found that a list of relevant publications is quite small despite a significant growth in scientific research dedicated to food toxicity assessment using bioassays. A review on the conducted research on assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of foods by bioassay methods will make it possible to extend the understanding of the processes and mechanisms of this toxicity and form more rational concept of consumption.

Highlights

Increasing globalization and acceleration of the global food market development impose new requirements for finished products [1]
At the same time, according to the “Strategy for improving the quality of food products in the Russian Federation until 2030” 1, adequate nutrition of the population remain to be the key requirement for increasing life expectancy and quality
The problem of controlling the risk for food safety has been actively discussed in the scientific community [2]

Summary

Introduction

Increasing globalization and acceleration of the global food market development impose new requirements for finished products [1]. Studies dedicated to assessment of the toxicity effects of complex food matrices using the bioassay methods on different objects such as human and animal cell cultures [12], plants [13] and microorganisms [14] have appeared recently. This approach can provide the complex analysis in food biosafety assessment, first of all, with account for interaction of all indicated components. Data on analysis of ultra-pasteurized milk and milk containing products in the conditions of the

Exposure time

Findings

Conclusion