Assessment of genetic relationships among Secale taxa by using ISSR and IRAP markers and the chromosomal distribution of the AAC microsatellite sequence

Abstract

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) techniques were used to investigate the genetic diversity among species of the genus Secale L. Chromosomal distribution of the AAC simple sequence repeat was examined by means of the fluorescent in situ hybridization technique. Comparative analysis revealed differences in the distribution of analyzed sequences in the genomes of Secale species. Using ISSR and IRAP data, a similarity matrix was constructed based on Dice's coefficient, and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean clustering was used to create dendrograms. Secale sylvestre Host and Secale strictum C.Presl were separated from a cluster consisting of the rest of the Secale taxa. The similarity for Secale sylvestre and Secale strictum reached over 85%. For Secale strictum subsp. africanum (Stapf) K.Hammer and Secale strictum subsp. kuprijanovii (Stapf) K.Hammer, which were clustered together, the similarity reached a value of 75%. The remaining taxa formed a large cluster, in which the highest value of similarity was assigned to Secale cereale L. and the Secale vavilovii Grossh. 121 inbred line (80%). The distribution patterns of the AAC repeat in chromosomes support these results. The pattern found in Secale vavilovii resembles that of Secale cereale and its subspecies. The most unique pattern of AAC distribution was observed in Secale sylvestre .