Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Wild Rice of Eastern India Using SSR Markers

Rosalin Swain,Shibani Mohapatra,O N Singh,Pritesh Roy,D Swain,J Meher,H N Subudhi,G J N Rao,S K Dash

doi:10.5539/jas.v9n6p239

Rosalin Swain, Shibani Mohapatra + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n6p239

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Abstract

Wild rice is an important reservoir of valuable and useful genes. O. rufipogon and O. nivara contain AA genome andare the progenitor of cultivated rice which makes them compatible with the cultivated rice for cross breeding to incorporate the genes for stress tolerance. SSR markers were used to assess the extent of diversity of 26 accessions of O. rufipogon and O. nivara collected from different districts of Orissa, West Bengal and Tripura. The Principal Co-ordinate Analysis (PCA) clearly indicates the clustering pattern and inter-relationships among different accessions. Mantel Z-testexhibitedacorrelation between cophenetic matrix and Jaccards’ similarity coefficient in 26 accessions and 4 CRRI released varieties using 54 STMS (SSR) markers which showed significant correlation (r = 0.8249) between them. O. nivara accessions and O. rufipogon accessions were grouped different clusters. O. nivara collected from Midnapore is placed in different cluster. It is concluded that the SSR markers used were found to be equally informative for the genetic diversity study between and among the accessions of two wild species such as O. rufipogon and O. nivara collected from different locations of Orissa, West Bengal & Tripura. Highlysignificant morphological variations were also observed among O. nivara and O. rufipogon accessions.

Highlights

Rice is the world’s most important cereal crop and is a primary source of food for more than half of the world’s population (Khush, 1977)
It can be concluded that SSR marker has the discriminatory power to reflect genetic diversity between and among the 26 accessions of two wild rice species such as O. rufipogon and O. nivara collected from different places of Orissa, West Bengal and Tripura including 4 released elite rice varieties
Based on polymorphic features among the accessions of two wild rice species based on SSR study, it may be recommended that any future conservation plans for these species should be designed to include representative accessions with the highest genetic variation for both in situ conservation and germplasm collection expeditions

Summary

Introduction

Rice is the world’s most important cereal crop and is a primary source of food for more than half of the world’s population (Khush, 1977). Oryza sativa L. is a diploid species having 24 (2n = 24) chromosomes. The Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) originates in South and South-East Asia (Chang, 1985) and is grown world wide. All the wild species played a significant role in rice breeding by contributing genes valuable to resistance for diseases, insect and pests and tolerant to abiotic stresses (Chang et al, 1975; Stich et al, 1989; Khush, 1977). A number of useful traits such as Cytoplasmic male sterility, resistant to Grassy stunt virus, Bacterial blight, Blast and Brown Plant blast hopper, have been introgressed from wild species into cultivated rice (Brar & Khush, 1997; Yuan, 1993). The wild species exhibit tremendous diversity in morphological traits Besides these, it constitutes an exceptionally valuable genepool for rice improvement (Lu, 1996; Bellan et al, 1988; Zhong et al, 2000). Many diseases and pests resistant genes, high yielding genes and abiotic tolerant genes have been found in wild Oryza species (Khush et al, 1990; Jena & Khush, 1990; Brar et al, 1996)

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