Abstract
Dialysis is used when the patient's kidneys can no longer perform their functions normally; it is a treatment that performs the functions of natural kidneys. Most patients begin dialysis when their kidneys have lost 85-90% of their ability to work naturally and they have to depend on dialysis for the rest of their lives, is called end –stage renal disease (ESRD). Infection in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) is usually treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). End stage renal disease a major cause of morbidity and mortality, in order to assess the fungal growth at hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis unit a descriptive study was conducted at hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis units in Hawler teaching hospital, from 15th of January to the end of May 2017;the study also includes the access sites and peritoneal catheter site. Factors that affected the access site among dialysis patient in the hospital. Sample of 63 patients, who were attending to the dialysis unit at time of the data collection, had been taken; in addition to that swab samples had been gathered from access site and peritoneal catheter site. The results of the study revealed that the fungal growth was positive at dialysis access sites, where the total percentage was 84.1% and that of peritoneal catheter site was 15.85%. In these unites, different types of filamentous fungi and yeasts had been successfully isolated.
Highlights
Patients who suffer from kidneys fail are exposed to 1800-36000 liter of water during the dialysis in each year (1) .Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) widely used Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and renal replacement therapy at home (2)
II -The setting of the study: The study is carried out at Hawler Teaching Hospital, III -Population and Sample of the study: The population consists of a purposive sample of 63 patients who were attending the dialysis unit at time of the data collection, and swabs samples gathered from Hawler dialysis units access site and peritoneal catheter site .All of these samples were taken from the patient who were admitted to the dialysis for treatment at time of data collection
As it is shown in this table,many types of fungi are isolated ; they belongs to filamentous fungi and yeasts,such as Aspergillus niger,penicillium spp. ,Rhizopus spp., Cladiosporium spp. and Fusarium spp.,Candida albicans,Candida glabrata and Candida parapsillosis that belongs to yeast type
Summary
Patients who suffer from kidneys fail are exposed to 1800-36000 liter of water during the dialysis in each year (1) .Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) widely used Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and renal replacement therapy at home (2). The most frequent infections with fungal are those with involving vascular access (3). Hemodialysis patients' poor personal hygiene is a risk factor for their susceptibility to infection especially patients with vascular access site. These patients should be taught how to improve and maintain their personal hygiene. Fungal exit-site infections are more frequent than peritonitis, but they more resolved, they may potentiate the development of a subsequent peritonitis. Fungal infections are primarily caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens, such as Candida species that causes diseases and proliferate in the human host as a result of locally or systemically debilitated immune system (4)
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