Abstract
Red shrimp is a unique source of nutraceuticals including omega-3 fatty acids and carotenoids. The presence of nutraceuticals depends on the quality and the consumption of phytoplankton and zooplankton. In the Mediterranean Sea, red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea) and pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) are two of the most prevalent species which are assessed in this study in respect to essential nutrients, fatty acids and carotenoids. Results indicated that the ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio in A. foliacea and P. longirostris muscle lipids exhibited considerable values (>2.9), indicating a healthy diet. Regarding carotenoids, astaxanthin was the most prevalent, already correlated with antioxidant support to nervous and musculoskeletal systems, followed by lutein, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, α- and β-cryptoxanthin. Phosphatidylcholine and polyunsaturated fatty acids predominated in shrimps’ muscle lipids, while monounsaturated fatty acids in cephalothorax. Palmitic, oleic acids and the essential eicosapentaenoic (C20:5ω-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6ω-3) acids were also present fulfilling the high nutritional profile of both shrimps.
Highlights
Shrimp represents one of the most widely consumed species of the Mediterranean and comprise an important source of nutrients in the human diet [1]
Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso 1827, commercial name: giant red shrimp) of the Aristeidae family is widely distributed in the eastern and western Atlantic, the western Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea and located at depths ranging from 250 m to 1300 m with maximum abundance found between 500 m and 700 m [2]
Fatty acid methyl esters used as GC-FID standard mixtures were: Supelco TM 37 Component FAME Mix C4-C24, 100 mg and Supelco PUFA No.1, Marine Source, 100 mg
Summary
Shrimp represents one of the most widely consumed species of the Mediterranean and comprise an important source of nutrients in the human diet [1]. Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso 1827, commercial name: giant red shrimp) of the Aristeidae family is widely distributed in the eastern and western Atlantic, the western Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea and located at depths ranging from 250 m to 1300 m with maximum abundance found between 500 m and 700 m [2]. Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas 1846, deep seawater rose shrimp) of the Penaeidae family lives at depths ranging from 20 m to 700 m. Aristaeomorpha foliacea is distinguished by an intense uniform red coloring and it is considered large-sized, with ranging on average from 13 cm to 20 cm, while P. longirostris has a rose color and its length ranges from 8 to 16 cm [2]. The differences between the shrimp species seem to be highly dependent on the type and variability of the oceanography of the sea and the trophic characteristics in which these species spend most of their adult life [2]
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