Assessment of Food Waste in Public Preschool and Primary Schools at the Municipality of Faro

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Food waste has become a political priority in recent years, due to its impact on the economy, environment, and population's nutritional and health status. In the school setting, the assessment of food waste is essential since it can reflect children's inadequate food consumption, compromising their nutritional intake and healthy development. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess and evaluate the food waste, in the form of leftovers and plate waste, produced in the meals served at lunchtime during three non-consecutive days in five preschool and primary school canteens located in the Municipality of Faro. METHODOLOGY: The food produced and wasted were separated and weighed by aggregated components. The sample was obtained by a non-probabilistic and convenience selection. Schools were stratified into urban or rural based on geographical location. Food waste was classified according to the result of the leftovers index and plate waste index, using the categorisations of Vaz (2006) and Aragão (2005), respectively. RESULTS: The total food waste average percentage found was 40.2% ± 7.3% and the mean of leftovers and plate waste percentages exceeded the acceptable limits (15.2% ± 7.3%, and 25.0% ± 5.7%, respectively). Among the food components, vegetables were the most wasted in both areas (71.2% ± 31.6%, urban; 98.7% ± 13.7%, rural). Comparing the results according to schools’ location, it was found that the consumption of vegetables was significantly lower in rural area schools when compared to the consumption of vegetables in urban area schools (1.3% ± 5.6% and 28.7% ± 31.2%, respectively; p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: The need to implement corrective measures aimed at reducing food waste is urgent, through the training of canteen workers, menu improvement and promoting children’s food consumption, especially concerning the vegetable food group.