Abstract
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) were involved in several types of abiotic stress responses by means of improving seed germination and modifying the growth and development of medicinally important Lepidium sativum via alleviating the negative effects of abiotic stresses. Therefore, the present research was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenous application of PGRson seed germination, protein content and ?-galactosidase activity of L. sativum. Germination of L. sativum seeds was monitored for a short interval after the start of incubation until growth became 100%. While cytokinin treatment showed a positive effect on seed germination more than Gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) produced a higher negative effect than auxins. Quantifying changes in total protein content during seed germination as influenced by PGRs revealed that all PGRs have to exert a positive effect arranged in the following order: SA ? auxin ? cytokinin ? GA. Parallel to changes in germination percentage and total protein content of seed, a negative effect was attainedon ?-galactosidase specific activity in response to PGRs with the following arrangement: SA ? auxin ? cytokinin ? GA.In conclusion, the present study proposed the potential importance of the type and magnitude of exogenously applied PGRs during the germination of easily or even more difficult-to-germinate seeds.
Highlights
Seed science is one of the most active research fields in plant physiology investigating possible physiological processes involved in seed germination
The present research was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenous application of PGRson seed germination, protein content and β-galactosidase activity of L. sativum
Parallel to changes in germination percentage and total protein content of seed, a negative effect was attainedon β-galactosidase specific activity in response to Plant growth regulators (PGRs) with the following arrangement: SAauxincytokinin Gibberellic acid (GA).In conclusion, the present study proposed the potential importance of the type and magnitude of exogenously applied PGRs during the germination of or even more difficult-to-germinate seeds
Summary
Seed science is one of the most active research fields in plant physiology investigating possible physiological processes involved in seed germination. Germination occurs through the growth of seed and essential structures needs to proceed under seemingly favorable conditions to produce a normal plant. The seed, the embryo, is structurally and physiologically equipped [1]. Oil, and powder contain a significant amount of nutritional components [2]. Oval-shaped, reddish-brown and are about 2–3 mm long and 1–1.5 mm wide [3]. The powder of the seeds is yellow-colored and creamish [4]. Seeds have a gel layer in its outer membrane which contains a mucilage (6.5–15%) that consists of cellulose (18.3%) and uronic acid-containing polysaccharides [5]
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