Abstract
Background: Climate change contributes to increased frequency of extreme weather events, such as drought. Drought is the common natural disaster in every region of the world. Drought is an aberrant climatic situation that has various impacts on communities. Governments of various states are spending millions of rupees in response to droughts. Proactive measures aimed at preventing or mitigating the effects of drought are more cost-effective. Assessment and monitoring are important in managing the drought risk in arid and semi-arid regions. Drought indices helps to quantify the severity of droughts. Methods: Standardized precipitation index (SPI), per cent normal (PN), deciles index (DI), China Z-index (CZI), Z-score index (ZSI) were used in the present study to assess the drought severity. Result: Results showed that the lowest value of SPI (-2.85) was found in the year 2018 which falls under extreme drought in Chittoor district, followed by Nellore - (2.85) and Anantapur (-2.46) in the year 2002. Extreme wet condition was found in Vishakapatnam district (3) followed by Prakasam (2.65) and Srikakulam (2.44) in the years 1990, 2007 and 1995. For deciles index, almost all the districts fall under drought conditions in the year 2002, 2009 and 2018. Deciles index showed more frequency in extreme drought condition for all the districts compare to SPI and PN. The correlation coefficient between SPI and CZI was lowest in West Godavari district with 0.82.
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