Abstract
Vast intra-specific variations, especially diurnal, geographical and seasonal, have been reported in the chemical composition of essential oils of Ocimum species. The study was conducted to assess diurnal variation in the chemical composition of the leaves of Ocimum sanctum. The leaf samples collected at different times of the day were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The chromatographic fingerprints of different leaf samples were analyzed by chemometric methods like principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. No significant difference was found in the chemical compositions of the leaf samples collected at different times of the day. The results lead to a conclusion that O. sanctum does not exhibit diurnal variation in its chemical composition, unlike O. gratissimum.
Highlights
The genus Ocimum has enormous significance due to the medicinal and aromatic properties and its uses as spices
This paper reports the analysis of Ocimum sanctum leaves for investigation of diurnal variation in its chemical composition
Statistical analysis of GC fingerprint data, performed using two-way ANOVA, revealed that there was no significant difference in the composition of the leaf samples (p>0.05) collected at different time points of the day
Summary
The genus Ocimum has enormous significance due to the medicinal and aromatic properties and its uses as spices. Vast intra-specific variations have been reported in various species, with respect to morphological features and chemical composition. In a study conducted to assess the extent of diurnal variation in the essential oil composition of Ocimum gratissimum, drastic changes in the contents of eugenol and 1,8-. Significant diurnal variations were observed in the yield and composition of essential oil in Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum americanum [2]. Significant differences were found in total content and composition of essential oils between young and mature leaves of O. basilicum [3]. Significant seasonal and geographical variations were observed in the composition of essential oils of Ocimum sanctum and O. basilicum, and these
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