Abstract
Objective: The main aim of the study is to analyze the prescribing patterns and cost-effective analysis of single therapy and combination therapy oral anti-diabetic drugs, awareness of patients about diabetes, medication and lifestyle modification in the geriatrics population.
 Methods: A prospective study was carried out over a period of 12 mo in the region of Punganur Andhra Pradesh. Type 2 diabetic patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drugs were enrolled in the study. A suitable data collection form was prepared and used to collect the required data. The demographic data, disease data and the utilization of various oral anti-diabetic agents were analyzed. About 800 patients were enrolled for the study from rural and urban areas in Punganur. Among the study population, 63% (504) were males and 37% (296) were females in the age group of 55 y and above. The majority of patients were from urban areas 70% (560) and 30% (240) were from rural areas. About 78 % of the patients have a history of diabetes more than 10 y and 22% were more than 5 y and less than 10 y.
 Results: The present study found that type 2diabetes was prevalent in males than females. Results show two anti-diabetic drugs of single drug and fixed dose combination per prescription was more than the single anti-diabetic drug also found new prescription was observed more and cost of treatment was immense when compared to old prescription. Prescription pattern exposed Glibenclamide, Metformin, Glipizide and Glimepiride were the most common drugs used among the various oral antidiabetics. Currently, newer drug DPPi 4 inhibitors like Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin and Teneligliptin are used as single and combination with metformin were increased in prescription. Among the various oral antidiabetics prescribed, the cost of 2 drugs per prescription and newer anti-diabetic drugs like DPPi4 was high but cost analysis study revealed the availability low cost brands in market.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that Prescription pattern and cost analysis of marketed anti-diabetic drug might be helpful for the professional to prescribe low cost effective medication.
Highlights
India has one of the largest populations of diabetes in the world
The different classes of oral anti-diabetic drug Sulfonylurea (SF), Biguanide (BG), Thiazolidinediones (TZ), Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i), Fixed-dose combination (FDC) of Sulfonylurea plus Biguanide, Sulfonylurea plus Thiazolidinediones, and Sulfonylurea plus Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor was noted in prescription
In comparison to adults with diabetes diagnosed in middle age, the retinopathy story is more prominent in late-onset diabetic cases, and interestingly there is no difference in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or peripheral neuropathy according to age at onset [13]
Summary
India has one of the largest populations of diabetes in the world. A survey depicts that 4% of adults in India suffered from diabetes in the year 2000 and is expected to increase to 6% by the year 2025. The World Health Organization (WHO) has projected that the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus will more than double from 5 million in 1995 to 300 million by 2025. Between 1995 and 2025, there will be a 35% increase in the worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus, from 4 to 5.4% [1, 2]. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia; is associated with abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism; and results in chronic complications including microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic disorders. When the amount of glucose in the blood increases, e. g., after a meal, it triggers the release of the hormone insulin from the pancreas [3, 4]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
