Abstract
The mosquito Culex pipiens s.s. L. occurs as two bioforms that differ in physiology and behaviour affecting virus transmission cycles. To assess the occurrence of Cx. pipiens bioforms in the southernmost limit of its distribution, specimens were collected aboveground in southern Buenos Aires Province and east Patagonia, Argentina. Ten larvae and 25 adults were individually processed and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of Ace-2 and CQ11 loci. Culex quinquefasciatus Say (one larva, two adults), Cx. pipiens f. molestus (one larva, one adult) and one adult of hybrid origin were identified in Buenos Aires Province; only Cx. pipiens f. molestus was recorded in Patagonia (eight larvae, 21 adults). The potential absence of bioform pipiens and its implications in arbovirus enzootic cycles is discussed.
Highlights
The mosquitoes grouped in the Culex pipiens L. complex (Diptera: Culicidae) are cosmopolitan vectors of diseases that affect humans, companion and productive animals, and wildlife.[1]. Among them, West Nile virus (WNV) is the most widespread cause of arboviral neurological disease in the world; it is responsible for large human outbreaks in Europe and North America, as well as ongoing transmission in the Middle East, Africa and Asia.[2]. In Argentina, WNV has been isolated from horses[3] and antibodies detected in free-ranging birds,(4) with few sporadic human cases reported.[5]. St
Sampling was conducted from southern Buenos Aires Province to east Patagonia region along the Atlantic coast (Figure), under the hypothesis that bioform molestus is present in the northern extreme of the study area and is gradually replaced by bioform pipiens in the southern end
Buenos Aires Province is characterised by cumulative precipitation values between 500 and 1,100 mm west-east and a mean annual temperature gradient ranging from 13.4oC southeast to 17.9oC northwest;(11) isotherms present a non-flat pattern as the result of the joint interaction of topography and oceanic influence
Summary
The mosquitoes grouped in the Culex pipiens L. complex (Diptera: Culicidae) are cosmopolitan vectors of diseases that affect humans, companion and productive animals, and wildlife.[1]. Sampling was conducted from southern Buenos Aires Province to east Patagonia region along the Atlantic coast (Figure), under the hypothesis that bioform molestus is present in the northern extreme of the study area and is gradually replaced by bioform pipiens in the southern end.
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