Assessment of Cranial Sonographic Findings of Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury in Perinatal Asphyxia

Mashah Binte Amin,Shaheen Akther,Sohely Sultana,Tarana Yasmin

doi:10.3329/jom.v17i1.30052

Abstract

Background: In perinatal asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic brain injury remains most serious condition causing significant mortality and long term morbidity. Early detection of intracranial changes and its consequences will enhance timely intervention and better out come. Cranial sonography can be done to assess the abnormalities of brain in perinatal asphyxia. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate usefulness of cranial sonography in perinatal asphyxia.Methods: This was an observational study conducted from March 2014 to February 2015 at department of radiology and imaging, Enam Medical College and Hospital. Total 100 neonates with perinatal asphyxia were included in this study. Cranial USG was done in all cases and sonographic abnormalities were evaluated.Result: 56 term (>37 weeks of gestation ) and 44preterm (<37 weeks of gestation ) newborn having birth asphyxia were taken as cases in this study. Common cranial sonographic findings of preterm babies were periventricular leukomalacia 29% (13), germinal matrix hemorrhage 14% (6), Intraventricular hemorrhage 11% (5) cerebral oedema 7% (3) and normal 39% (17). Common cranial USG findings in term babies were cerebral oedema 43% (24), intracerebral hemorrhage 5% (3), Focal cerebral infarct 4% (2), Intraventricular hemorrhage 2% (1) and normal 46% (26).Conclusion: This study found that transcranial sonography is useful to identify the abnormalities in brain of asphyxiated neonate and helps to predict the neurodevelopmental outcome. So proper management plan can be done.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 12-16

Highlights

IntroductionPerinatal asphyxia is a condition characterized by an impairment of exchange of the respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia, accompanied by metabolic acidosis
Perinatal asphyxia is a condition characterized by an impairment of exchange of the respiratory gases resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia, accompanied by metabolic acidosis
This was an observational study conducted from March 2014 to February 2015 at department of radiology and imaging,Enam Medical College and Hospital.Total 100 neonates with perinatal asphyxia were included in this study

Summary

Introduction

Perinatal asphyxia is a condition characterized by an impairment of exchange of the respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia, accompanied by metabolic acidosis. Perinatal asphyxia represents the third most common cause of neonatal death. Neonatal mortality contributes a great deal to infant mortality rate.[1,2] Among all the causes, 39% of the neonatal deaths occur due to perinatal asphyxia.[3] Perinatal asphyxia may affect virtually any organ, but hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is the most studied clinical condition and that is burdened with the most severe sequelae. Hypoxic ischemic brain injury is the most important consequences of perinatal asphyxia which. Hypoxic ischemic brain injury remains most serious condition causing significant mortality and long term morbidity. Cranial sonography can be done to assess the abnormalities of brain in perinatal asphyxia

Objectives

Methods

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Discussion

Conclusion