Abstract
Cosmeceutical formulations containing naturally derived active ingredients are currently preferred by consumers worldwide. Mushrooms are one of the potential sources for cosmeceutical ingredients but relevant research is still lacking. In this study, hot- and cold-water extractions were performed on four locally-cultivated mushrooms—Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha and Schizophyllum commune—with the aim to assess the cosmeceutical potential of these mushroom fruitbody extracts. Total phenolics, polysaccharide and glucan content were determined. Antioxidant property of the mushroom extracts was assessed by determining the DPPH radical scavenging, ferric-reducing (FRAP) and superoxide anion (SOA) scavenging activity. Anti-hyaluronidase activity was used as an indicator for the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory property, while anti-tyrosinase activity was evaluated to assess the anti-pigmentation or whitening property of these extracts. Our results showed that total polysaccharide content of P. ostreatus extracts was the highest (235.8–253.6 mg GE/g extract), while extracts from G. lucidum contained the lowest glucan (10.12–10.67%). Cold-water extract from S. commune exhibited substantial tyrosinase inhibition activity (98.15%) and SOA scavenging activity (94.82%). The greatest hyaluronidase activity was exhibited by G. lucidum hot-water extract, with the value of 72.78%. The findings from the correlation analyses suggest that the cosmeceutical properties of these mushrooms can be attributed mainly to the combination of different types of compound such as polysaccharides and phenolics. Overall, cold-water extract of S. commune and hot-water extract of G. lucidum showed the best results and may be further investigated.
Highlights
Natural ingredients for healthy products, cosmetics and cosmeceutical products, are preferred by consumers compared to synthetic ingredients
An appropriate extraction process is crucial in order to successfully recover targeted bioactive compounds from mushroom and plant materials
Hot water is often involved in the extraction of mushroom fruitbodies, which essentially breaks down the chitin in the cell walls
Summary
Natural ingredients for healthy products, cosmetics and cosmeceutical products, are preferred by consumers compared to synthetic ingredients. The cosmeceutical potentials new natural resources, the extracts and mushrooms, that To canassess be further explored and exploitedofas new cosmetic or cosmeceutical and bioactive compounds must be investigated for their cosmeceutical-related biological properties functional ingredients. Properties of four mushroom species: Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia polytricha, Schizophyllum These mushrooms are popular for consumption in Asian countries, locally-cultivated and available all commune and G. lucidum (Figure 1). Water is regarded as ‘universal solvent’ and one of the safest solvents to be used in the extraction process This preliminary study aimed to investigate and assess the cosmeceutical potentials of hotand cold-water extracts from selected locally cultivated mushrooms by measuring the antioxidant, anti-hyaluronidase and anti-tyrosinase activity of the mushroom extracts. The biological components of these extracts such as total phenolics and polysaccharide content was evaluated and the correlation of these components to the biological activities of the extracts was studied
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