Assessment of Corneal Epithelial Changes and Related Factors in Ocular Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) by in Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate corneal epithelial changes and related factors in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) patients. Methods 21 patients (35 eyes) with chronic oGVHD and 8 patients (12 eyes) without oGVHD after bone marrow transplantation were recruited for assessment involving in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) analysis, ocular surface parameter determination and tear cytokine level analysis. The IVCM corneal epithelial scoring system was used to evaluate corneal epithelial changes. Results There was a significant difference in the corneal epithelial score (p = .001) between the two groups. The corneal epithelial scores were significantly correlated with the corneal fluorescein staining scores (CFS, r = 0.463, p < .001), Schirmer’s test (r = −0.389, p = .009) and tear cytokine levels of EGF (r = −0.491, p < .001) and APRIL (r = −0.318, p = .030). Conclusions The depth of corneal epithelial defects can be estimated by the CFS. Corneal epithelial changes of chronic oGVHD are considered to be associated with lacrimal deficiency and a lack of EGF.