Abstract
Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of Arctium lappa leaves using aqueous ethanol is examined and presented for the first time in this work. In addition, global extraction yields, chemical composition, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the PLE extracts were compared with those obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). PLE extractions were evaluated at different conditions of pressure (15, 20 and 25) MPa and temperature (313.15, 333.15 and 353.15) K. The maximum global yield (37.40 wt %) was obtained by PLE at 15 MPa and 353.15 K. Furthermore, the PLE extracts contained higher concentrations of chlorogenic acid (1.84%) and rutin (1.46%) and exhibited considerably high DPPH free radical scavenging activity (160.54 μmol Trolox g−1). PLE optimum extract exhibited considerable concentrations of phytol, lupeol and amyrin, making this a promising alternative for obtaining biologically active extracts from natural sources such as Arctium lappa leaves.
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