Abstract
Energy-related Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects contribute to sustainable development through reducing air pollutants in addition to CO2 emissions. This paper evaluates the co-benefits of ten coal-fired power generation CDM projects which are currently in registration and validation with a power generation mix linear programming model in India’s power sector from 2006 to 2031. Two scenarios are developed to identify impacts of the CDM projects. As a result, the co-benefits are invoked by the CDM projects in India’s power sector. CO2 emissions decrease by 79 Mt CO2 and SOx and NOx emissions decrease by 0.8 Mt SOx and 0.6 Mt NOx from the baseline in 2031. Including benefits from the reduction of the air pollutants warrants sustainable development benefit and contributes to enhance the generated CER prices. Thus, we argue that addressing co-benefits encourages both host countries and investors to participate CDM projects.
Highlights
There have been high specific emissions of CO2 from coal-fired power plants
If the benefits from reduction of air pollutants are included into Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), contribution to sustainable development will be visible and investors will increase their investment on energy-related CDM projects at a lower Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) price
We examined the co-benefits of CDM projects of coal-fired generations which are currently under registration and validation with a power generation mix linear programming (LP) model in India’s power sector quantitatively
Summary
There have been high specific emissions of CO2 from coal-fired power plants. Coal-fired power generation accounts for 54.1% of total installed capacity as on 31.03.2011 in India [1]. Energy-related CDM projects reduce air pollutants and resulting impacts on human health, which is known as co-benefits. There are few studies related to marginal environmental damage costs of the emissions in India due to limited available data, while a number of estimations are found in developed countries (for example [28]) They are set 549 USD per SOx ton and 450 USD per NOx ton derived from [29] which estimates marginal damage costs of Mumbai applying a rapid damage assessment model. The CDM scenario takes into account of the ten CDM projects of the coal-fired plants in India that are under registration and validation These ten projects are aggregated in this study to examine the difference of CO2 emissions and air pollutants caused by these.
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