Assessment of clinicopathological parameters and outcome of critically ill patients admitted with infectious endemic diseases in a rural tertiary setup of India - An observational study

Abstract

Background: To study the clinico-pathological profile and outcome of critically ill patients with infectious endemic diseases requiring intensive care management Methods: A prospective, non randomized, cross sectional, observational study of 50 critically ill patients (more than 18 years of age) admitted in the ICU setup in a rural tertiary hospital over 2 years, suffering from an endemic tropical disease, was conducted. Parameters to study the outcome of the study were indication for ICU management, evidence of multiple system involvement, common precipitating factor and associated morbidity and mortality. Findings: Our study regarding endemic infectious diseases of Western Maharashtra included 15 females (30%) and 35 males (70%). The mean age in our study was 40.52 ± 15.08 years with minimum of 19 years and maximum of 63 years. Fever (n=50) followed by jaundice (n=19) and renal failure were the most common presenting features. A qSOFA Score of 2 and 3 were common on presentation (n=23). Mean SOFA score at presentation for patients admitted in the ICU for management of endemic infectious diseases was 13.6 ± 5.3. Most common co morbidity seen was diabetes (n=10) followed by thyroid disorders (n=5) and chronic Liver Disease (n=3). Mortality in our study was 12 patients (24%). Results: It has been seen that higher SOFA scores at 24 hours of presentation led to longer duration of hospital stay. Most common organ failure was renal failure in 29 patients (28%) followed by hepatic failure in 17 patients (34%) during the course of ICU stay. Conclusion: qSOFA scores of 2 or above at the time of hospitalisation was an important predictor of mortality. Understanding the features and complications of endemic infectious diseases help to identify patients at high risk and treat them with optimal intensive care.