Abstract
Sponge city is a development pattern used to realize natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification of rainwater through urban planning and construction management. Sponge city technology is widely used as the critical approaches in natural rainwater management and it is one of the best techniques to adapt climate change events in modern cities. In the paper, we firstly reviewed background information of sponge city construction and the development, key technologies, and economic benefit analysis of stormwater management in foreign countries. Then, we analyzed the technology gap between China and developed countries in two aspects (planning design method and Low Impact Development (LID) project design). Then, we pointed out the main obstacles in sponge city technology transfer and proposed to improve the basic data sharing system and strengthen the economic return system. On the basis of sponge city planning theory and sponge city technologies, taking Shenzhen as an example, we analyzed the ideas and plans of sponge city construction in rainy areas and completed the assessment of current climate technology demands in Chinese sponge city. The study provides the basis for the improvements in sponge city construction and adaptation to climate change.
Highlights
We firstly reviewed background information of sponge city construction and the development, key technologies, and economic benefit analysis of stormwater management in foreign countries
According to the experiences obtained in pilot projects, the sponge city construction cost can be reduced by 15% and the maintenance cost can be reduced by 5% (Table 1)
Sponge city planning and technology are used as the critical approaches for natural rainwater management
Summary
The technical route of sponge city is composed of source reduction, process management, and end control and the key measures include permeation, retention, accumulation, purification, usage, drainage, etc These measures aim to reduce negative impact of city construction on natural ecology through rainwater management and improve water environment, water safety, and water resource conditions. Combined with the practices in foreign rainwater management, in this paper, we discussed the necessity and feasibility of the construction of sponge city in two aspects of key technologies and benefit analysis, pointed out the problems in Chinese sponge city to adapt to climate change, including technology demands, technology gap, and technology transfer barriers, and made the case analysis with Shenzhen City as an example of sponge city construction. Through the analysis of the gap adaptation technologies between China and foreign countries, adaptation technology demand assessment can promote the adaptation technology transfer and is meaningful for addressing climate change and enhancing the city’s adaptation ability
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