ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL CONTROL AGAINST DISEASES AND PESTS OF APPLE (MALUS L.) AND PEAR (PYRUS L.) PRODUCERS IN GUBA-KHACHMAZ ECONOMIC DISTRICT USING THE EMPIRICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH METHOD

Abstract

As a result of the research conducted in different countries, it became known that the use of resistant varieties is the basis of the measures taken to reduce the use of pesticides in the fight against diseases and pests. However, it should also be noted that most of the fruit varieties currently produced according to market requirements are sensitive to various pests and diseases or are included in the group of unsustainable varieties. This research work was conducted in Guba, Khachmaz and Gusar regions in order to determine the application of pesticides against diseases and pests of apple and pear producers and their consequences in 2018-2019. An empiric social survey consisting of 10 questions was conducted among 100 randomly selected farmers and the obtained results were evaluated as a percentage.According to the results of the survey conducted with farmers, it was determined that they use excessive pesticides against diseases and pests of apple and pear plants.It was found that most of the farmers sprayed more medication of sprays predicted by the early warning system to scab disease (Venturia inaequalis Wint. and Venturia pyrina Aderh.). Manufacturers have doubts about the bioeffectiveness of the drugs they use and the biggest reason for these doubts is that diseases and pests show resistance to pesticides.