Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia a common feature of diabetes mellitus leads to cardiovascular complications. These complications are not detected early enough due to absence of cheap and routine biomarker. Aim: Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the cardiovascular risk indices of diabetes mellitus individuals using Atherogenic coefficient (Ac), Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR), Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and Non- HDL – cholesterol (surrogate marker for apolipoprotein B) in this locality. Methods: Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDL-C) as well as cardiovascular risk indices (Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR), atherogenic coefficient (Ac), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and Non-HDL cholesterol) were assessed. Results: The TC,TG,LDL-C,VLDL-C as well as all the cardiometabolic risk indices of diabetes were observed to be significantly high (P<0.05) when compared with control subjects. HDL-C in diabetes was observed to be significantly low (P<0.05) when compared with control subjects. Conclusion: The results indicates greater propensity of diabetes to cardiovascular complications. We therefore advocate routine use of these indices as part of lipid profile in order to nip any cardiovascular complication early enough.
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglyceamia resulting from a variable interaction of hereditary and environmental factors due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin inaction, or both (WHO, 1985)
The aim of this study is to assess the cardiovascular risk of diabetes mellitus individuals using atherogenic coefficient (Ac), Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR), Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and Non- HDL – cholesterol a surrogate marker for apolipoprotien B in this locality [8]
The results of our study shows an increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL and LDL cholesterol but decreased level of HDL Cholesterol in Diabetes subjects when compared with controls (Table 1 and Figure 1)
Summary
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglyceamia resulting from a variable interaction of hereditary and environmental factors due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin inaction, or both (WHO, 1985). Relevant abnormalities found in diabetes mellitus are chronic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance [2]. Many factors account for increased cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes but lipid abnormalities are major contributors. There are recent markers such as apolipoproteins, C-reactive Proteins and markers of insulin resistance in cardiovascular risk assessment still present but are expensive. These recent markers are not routinely examined to assess the patient vulnerability to cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia a common feature of diabetes mellitus leads to cardiovascular complications. These complications are not detected early enough due to absence of cheap and routine biomarker
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