Assessment of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Safe Mineral Supplement for Broiler Chicken

Abstract

An experiment was carried out with the objective with assessment on the safety of calcium phosphate nanoparticles as mineral supplement to broiler chicken. With the help of an indigenous laboratory equipment calcium phosphate nanoparticles were prepared by wet chemical method. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles were analyzed for its size and shape using TEM. It was ranged from 20 to 90 nm with spherical shape. The calcium and phosphorous content was estimated. Results show that 30.81 per cent calcium and 15.48 per cent phosphorus. Using the Vero cell line in vitro cytotoxicity study carried out that indicated 10 mg/ml of calcium phosphate nanoparticles did not provoke observable cellular insult. The in vivo assessment was also done using hematological and serum biochemistry parameters in birds fed with calcium phosphate nanoparticles at graded concentration at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% of the phosphorus content of coarse particles of dicalcium phosphate in the diet from day old to 28 days. The results indicated that Calcium phosphate nanoparticles did not exert any significant (P<0.05) influence on haemoglobin, Packed cell volume, total erythrocytes count, total leucocytes count, and differential count of WBC compared to control (fed with dicalcium phosphate). The inclusion of calcium phosphate nanoparticles from 50 to 100% did not have any significant negative influence on the serum glucose, total protein, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, serum urea, creatinine, serum Aspartate amino Transferase (AST), Alanine amino Transferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). Hence, it was concluded that calcium phosphate nanoparticles are safe to use since an adult bird would consume at a concentration not more than 6.4 mg/ml which is well within the safe level of 10mg/mlas identified by in vitro cytotoxicity test on vero cell line.