Abstract
BackgroundThe rate of blood pressure control among hypertensive patients is poor and the reasons for poor control of blood pressure remain poorly understood globally.ObjectiveTo assess the rate of blood pressure control among adult hypertensive patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a hospital based cross sectional study among adult hypertensive patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital hypertension clinic from March 4, 2015 to April 3, 2015. Data on sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and adherence to antihypertensive medication(s) were collected from patients by face to face interview using a pretested structured questionnaire. Comorbidities, antihypertensive medication(s) and blood pressure measurements were collected retrospectively from medical records. Medication adherence was assessed using Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale-8 score. We did the statistical analysis using chi-square test and binary logistic regression with level of α set at 0.05. Statistical significance was considered for variables with p<0.05.ResultsOut of 311 participants, 286 patients were eligible and were studied. More than half, 154 (53.8%), of the participants were males. The mean age of the participants was 54.8± 12.6 years (range 26 to 94). The majority, 196 (68.53%), of the participants were taking more than one antihypertensive medication. More than one third (39.5%) of the participants were non adherent to their medication(s). The rate of blood pressure control was 50.3%. In a univariate logistic regression analyses, age ≥65 years old (P = 0.008), physical inactivity (p<0.001), chat chewing (P<0.001), adding salt to food (P<0.001), and coffee use (P<0.001) are significantly associated with uncontrolled blood pressureConclusionAlmost half of the hypertensive patients on follow up had uncontrolled blood pressure. We recommend better health education and care of patients to improve the rate of blood pressure control at the hospital.
Highlights
Hypertension is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)
In Nigeria, the prevalence of hypertension ranges from 8%-46.4% depending on the study target population [8]; in Zimbabwe, the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension is 67.2% [12]
According to MMAS-8 score, 173(60.5%) of the participants were adherent to their antihypertensive medications (Table 4)
Summary
Hypertension is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It is projected to increase from approximately 1.0 billion in 2000 to 1.5 billion by 2025 [3, 4] being the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases It is the third cause of disability adjusted life-years worldwide accounting for 13% of all deaths globally [5]. The increasing epidemics of hypertension and CVDs in Africa are important public health problems resulting in a big economic impact. This is because a significant proportion of the productive population is affected by hypertension and its complications [9]. Editor: Johannes Boltze, Fraunhofer Research Institution of Marine Biotechnology, GERMANY
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