Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a vital plant nutrient, available to plant roots only in soluble forms that are in short supply in the soil. Adding phosphate- based fertilizers to increase agricultural yields is a widely used practice; however, the bio- availability of P remains low due to chemical transformations of P into insoluble forms. Thus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play an important role in reducing P deficiency in soil. The goal of this study was to assess biotechnological potential of phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strains. In this study, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) were isolated from different soil samples of Southern regions of Kazakhstan. The biological activity of PSM was studied based on their effect on the growth of wheat seeds. The different taxonomic genera of these PSM were identified: Arthrobacter spp., Aureobacterium spp., Azotobacter spp., Bacterium spp., Baccillus spp. Finally, phosphate- solubilizing activity of isolated strains of PSM was assessed.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is the second most important plant nutrient after nitrogen
The form or type of phosphorus compounds in soil depends on oxidation-reduction conditions of the medium
In all of the soil samples assessed in our study using Muromcev medium, we observed visible zones of phosphate dissolution (Figure 1)
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is the second most important plant nutrient after nitrogen. Most Phosphorus in soil (up to 95-99%) is part of insoluble compounds, which makes P unavailable for plant nutrition [1]. In order to increase crop yields, mineral phosphate fertilizers are regularly incorporated into the soil. Immediately after fertilizer application is done, most of the applied phosphorus transforms into an insoluble form [2]. Most P in the soil is found in poorly soluble, highly stable forms with limited availability to plants. 5% or less of the total amount of P in soil is available for plant nutrition [3]. The vicious cycle continues as such low bioavailability of P requires regular application of phosphate-based fertilizers [4]
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