Abstract
The chemotherapy of tuberculosis has been practiced for 2000 years but it has been a clinical reality for last few years. In tuberculosis there is an extensive tissue destruction and live virulent bacilli become isolated in the cavities and debris of necrotic tissue where they are relatively immune to chemotherapeutic attack. Thus a drug will be effective only if it can penetrate the tubercule and the debris and enter the phagocytes within which the parasites are growing and finally penetrate or attack the parasites. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis underscores the need of continuous developments on new and efficient methods to determine the susceptibility of isolates of M. tuberculosis in the search for novel antimicrobial agents. Natural products and synthetic compounds constitute an important source of new drugs, but design and implementation of antimycobacterial susceptibility testing methods are necessary for evaluating the different extracts and syntheised compounds. A number of biological assay methodologies are in current use, ranging from the classical disk diffusion and broth dilution assay format, to radiorespirometric (BACTEC), dye-based, and fluorescent/luminescence reporter assays. This review presents an analysis on the in vitro susceptibility testing methods developed for determinate antitubercular activity in natural products and synthetic compounds and the criteria to select the adequate method for determination of biological activity. Different methods of analysing the antituberculosis is given below Anti-TB in vitro bioassays, Agar dilution method, Radiometricmethod, Micro broth dilution, Flow cytometry ,Reporter gene assays, High-performance liquid chromatography, mycolic acid analysis, Toxicology assays, Dormant tubercle bacilli assays ,Macrophages assays, Micro Almar Blue Assay (MABA):, Agar Micro Dilution Method, Cytotoxicity of Selected Compounds, Liquid culture method was used for detection of drug resistance, Filamenting temperature-sensitive technique.
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