Abstract
Seaweeds are becoming a viable source of biologically active composites with a hopeful application as nutraceuticals, functional food components, and medicinal agents. In the present study, the antioxidant capacity and biochemical compositions of four seaweeds; Polycladia indica and Turbinaria ornata (Phaeophyceae) and Laurencia obtusa and Sarconema scinaioides (Rhodophyceae), were estimated. The results indicated that T. ornata showed the maximum value of total phenolic compound (TPC), flavonoid content, β-carotene, carbohydrate and has maximum percentage of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total reducing capacity (TRC) (72.48%, 15.02%, and 53.24% inhibition, respectively), while the highest contents of ascorbic acid, lipid, calcium, and zinc were observed in L. obtusa. P. indica showed the highest protein contents, dietary fibers, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and total amino acids. Glutamic, aspartic, proline, and methionine were the most frequent amino acids in the four selected seaweeds. Brown seaweeds (T. ornata and P. indica) attained the highest percent of the total polyunsaturated (ω6 and ω3) essential fatty acids. The biochemical content of these seaweed species, as well as their antioxidant properties, make them interesting candidates for nutritional, pharmacological, and therapeutic applications.
Highlights
Seaweeds are multicellular macroscopic algae that grow in the sea and are a renewable resource
This study aimed to investigate the biochemical compositions of some brown algae (Polycladia indica and Turbinaria ornata) and red seaweed (Sarconema scinaioides and Laurencia obtusa)
The T. ornata showed the maximum value total phenols and flavonoid contents (14.14 ± 0.1 mg GA/g DW and 9.98 ± 0. 09 mg CE/g DW, respectively) while the red alga (L. obtusa) recorded the lowest value total phenols and flavonoid contents (7.83 ± 0.14 mg GA/g DW and 4.78 ± 0.05 mg CE/g DW, respectively). These results are consistent with those of Manam and Subbaiah [34], who reported that total phenol and flavonoid contents of brown seaweeds Colpomenia sinuosa were high (56.45 and 12.13 mg/g DW, respectively) as compared to red seaweeds Halymenia porphyroides (9.02 and 4.43 mg/g DW, respectively)
Summary
Seaweeds are multicellular macroscopic algae that grow in the sea and are a renewable resource They are non-vascular plants that serve as primary producers in the ocean. Depending on their chemical composition and thallus pigmentation, they are classified into three major groups: brown (Phaeophyceae), red (Rhodophyceae), or green algae (Chlorophyceae) [1]. The biochemical makeup of seaweeds, which includes proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and ash content, determines their nutritional characteristics in general [2]. These seaweeds are nutritious because they are low in calories but high in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Valentina et al [4] proposed that about 5% of green algae, 33% red algae, and 66.5% of brown algae were nutritionally consumed in daily diets in many countries, such as Japan, China, and Korea
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