Assessment of Allergic Biomarkers; Total Immunoglobulin E Antibodies Levels and Peripheral Blood Eosinophil among Public Transporter Drivers with Traffic–Related Respiratory Diseases in Tehran

Abstract

Background : Traffic air pollution can be induced or developed the different respiratory diseases. Megacity has potential magnitude in the production of high density and large- volume traffic triggering factors in the outdoor environment. High concentrations of Formaldehyde and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found in traffic density of ambient air in urban area. It can be stimulated both allergic state and diseases. The PAHs originates from the motor engine are as pro-inflammatory compounds which can enhance Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses. The purpose of the study was evaluation of allergic markers among public drivers in Tehran, to assess the respiratory diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 151 subjects were sequentially enrolled among public drivers with traffic related respiratory diseases. The total IgE antibodies in serum were measured according to manufacture recommendation. Results: The mean age recorded 47.66±8.82 standard deviation (SD). The peripheral eosinophil proportion was 3.19±2.16 SD. The mean IgE antibody levels were 205.89±238.67SD. Allergic state was found in 47% of target population. Frequencies of traffic-related air pollution diseases (TRAPD) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 34%, asthma 25%, rhinitis 21% and bronchitis 21%, respectively. Allergic state distributed high frequency in asthma, rhinitis, COPD and bronchitis diseases, respectively. Conclusion: Allergic biomarkers of IgE antibody and peripheral eosinophilia were widely distributed among TRAPD. They observed more frequency on the allergic base diseases than non-allergic small airway diseases. It may be reflected the actual role of traffic -related air pollution on the sensitization of all categories of TRAPD.