Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess household solid waste management in areas governed by local administrative organizations (LAOs). The obtained results would be used to assess the amount of air pollution emitted from household solid waste open burning. A survey was employed, through the use of questionnaires, to collect data from a random sample of 4300 households residing in areas governed by 96 LAOs. According to the results, it was evident that a total of 26.17 Mt of solid waste were generated per year, of which 6.39 Mt/year was not collected by the LAOs and was eliminated by households. Moreover, the percentage of waste burned on or outside the households’ property was 53.7%, or an equivalent of 3.43 Mt/year of solid waste burned in open areas. In addition, it was found that 0.66 Mt/year of solid waste collected by the LAOs was burned in open areas and was not eliminated properly. Hence, the total amount of solid waste from these two sources was 4.09 Mt/year, which resulted in the emissions of carbon dioxide equivalent, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, and particulate matter of 1247.3 kt/year, 103.0 kt/year, 1.2 kt/year, 7.4 kt/year, and 19.6 kt/year, respectively.
Highlights
It was found that 63.2% (S.E. = 0.73%) of household solid waste was collected by the local administrative organizations (LAOs) and the remaining 36.8% (S.E. = 0.73%) was not collected
When considering the management of solid waste based on composition, it was found that 57.2% of wet solid waste, vegetable scraps, and food waste were collected by the LAOs
Based on data from the survey and the national municipal solid waste statistics, which provide the amount of household solid waste generated, managed, and subjected to burning, this study calculated the amount of air pollution from open burning of household solid waste in Thailand in 2016
Summary
It was reported that solid waste problems had become increasingly more severe due to an increase of solid waste, which was accounted for by the increased population growth, economic expansion, change in consumer behavior, and inadequate services for municipal waste collection and disposal. These factors subsequently cause various households to adopt their own methods of eliminating solid waste, most of which are not aligned with standard sanitary practices, such as illegal dumping of waste into abandoned ditches, incorrect burial of waste, open burning of waste on property and roadside, and open dumping of waste
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