Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the emerging public health problems in developing countries. Patients with acute complications of the disease frequently seek care in hospital emergency departments. However, the magnitude of acute complications of DM has not been studied at facility levels. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated risks of acute complications of DM at health facilities. Materials and Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used. The source of population was medical records of DM patients and the study population was medical records of DM patients admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College. A total of 200 medical records of patients in AHMC medical ward were used to extract patients’ medical information concerning DM and associated factors. Moreover, DM-related pretested semi-structured questionnaires were developed and administered to 200 active DM patients following their treatment during December 2018 of data collection. Results: The proportion of diagnosed acute complications of DM among patients in this study was 146(73%) while 54(27%) did not present acute complication of DM. The history of acute complication associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) accounted for 133(66.5%) while hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) was 21(10.5%) but 46(23%) did show neither DKA nor HHS. From this study of clinical record, the proportion of acute complication of DM with DKA was higher among type I DM patients than type II patients. However, the proportion of HHS was relatively low in type I DM and high in type II DM patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of acute complications of DM was 146(73%) and 67(85.9%) and 79(64.8%) in type I and type II DM, respectively. Moreover, the proportion of acute complication of DM with DKA was higher among type I DM patients than type II patients. Strengthening of health education both at health facilities and general population is important.
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