Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease has provoked much discussion since its first appearance. Despite it being widely studied all over the world, little is known about the impact of the disease on functional ability related to performing activities of daily living (ADL) in patients post COVID-19 infection.ObjectivesTo understand the impact of COVID-19 on ADL performance of adult patients and to describe the common scales used to assess performance of ADL on patients post-COVID-19.MethodsA systematic review was conducted. We included studies that applied a physical capacity test in COVID-19 patients, post-infection. Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the evidence.ResultsA total of 1,228 studies were included, after removing duplicates, 1,005 abstracts were screened and of those 983 were excluded. A final number of nine studies which met the eligibility criteria were included. The findings revealed worsening of physical function and ADL performance in all patients post COVID-19 infection.ConclusionAll included studies found a reduction of ADL beyond the test or scale used, revealing a vital worsening of functional ability in ADL performance and consequently loss of independence in COVID-19 patients after the acute phase of infection. Functional ability status previous to COVID-19 is crucial for predicting the severity of the disease and mortality. Barthel Index and ADL score were the most used assessment tools across subjects with different intrinsic capacity and context levels.
Highlights
In December 2019 a SARS-COV-2 virus emerged in Wuhan, China, which has rapidly spread around the world (Phelan, Katz & Gostin, 2020)
Patients presented a clinically significant decrease in EQ-5D-5L on average 48 ± 10.3 days post discharge, which translated into worsened mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. These results show that the EQ-5D-5L is able to identify the impact of COVID-19 on activities of daily living (ADL) functional ability status after discharge
We identified six tests used to explore the independence level during ADL to estimate the impact in functional ability and the relationship with prognostic factors and mortality associated with COVID-19
Summary
In December 2019 a SARS-COV-2 virus emerged in Wuhan, China, which has rapidly spread around the world (Phelan, Katz & Gostin, 2020). The immediate and short-term assessment of physical capacity in patients with COVID-19 has been a challenge, with a variable number of subjects being able to perform the tasks included on the most commonly used physical capacity assessment tests (Belli et al, 2020; Curci et al, 2020; Sakai et al, 2020; Liu et al, 2020; Bousquet et al, 2020; Zerah et al, 2020) In this way, it seems necessary and reasonable to complement the clinical assessment of physical capacity with a further analysis of functional ability related to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Coronavirus disease has provoked much discussion since its first appearance Despite it being widely studied all over the world, little is known about the impact of the disease on functional ability related to performing activities of daily living (ADL) in patients post COVID-19 infection. Barthel Index and ADL score were the most used assessment tools across subjects with different intrinsic capacity and context levels
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