Abstract
Purpose: To study small intestinal absorption of schisadrol A, schisandrol B, schizandrin A and schisandrin B in JingNing particles using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP).Methods: Absorption rate constant (Ka) and apparent permeability (Papp) of the drugs at different concentrations in various parts of rat small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were determined using SPIP. JingNing particles were also perfused in situ at different pH in the entire rat intestine. Ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis (standard) at low concentration was perfused in the duodenum for comparison with extract of JingNing particles.Results: The order of apparent permeability of the four lignans was schisandrol A < schisandrol B < schizandrin A < schisandrin B. Ka and Papp values of the four lignans in JingNing particles were concentration-dependent. Absorption increased in the rank order: ileum > duodenum > jejunum. Optimum absorption pH was 6.50. Polygala tenuifolia extract and volatile oil of Rhizoma acori tatarinowii significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the absorption of the four lignans.Conclusion: The four lignans were well absorbed in the intestinal tract, particularly the ileum, probably through carrier-mediated transport. The alcohol extract of Polygala tenuifolia and volatile oil of Rhizoma acori graminei enhanced the absorption of the four lignans.Keywords: JingNing, Intestinal absorption, Polygala tenuifolia, Rhizoma acori graminei, Lignans, Schisandrol, Schisandrin, Single-pass intestinal perfusion
Highlights
JingNing particles, containing Radix Pseudostellariae, Radix Rehmanniae praeparata, Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.)Baill, Polygala tenuifolia, Rhizoma acori tatarinowii, Poria cocos (Schw.), Wolf and Barbary wolfberry fruit, is a traditional Chinese medical formula with a long history of its use in clinical practice for treating attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD)
These results showed that the HPLC method established was suitable [22] (Table 2)
The absorption profiles of the four lignans in JingNing particles at different concentrations (6.4, 12.8 and 25.6 mg/ml) in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3
Summary
JingNing particles, containing Radix Pseudostellariae, Radix Rehmanniae praeparata, Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.)Baill, Polygala tenuifolia, Rhizoma acori tatarinowii, Poria cocos (Schw.), Wolf and Barbary wolfberry fruit, is a traditional Chinese medical formula with a long history of its use in clinical practice for treating attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD). The alcohol extract of Schisandra chinensis fruit is one of the components of traditional Chinese herbal medicines in the JingNing particles used as hepato-protective agents [1,2]. The lignans of Schisandra chinensis fruit can enhance concentration and mental performance. They are used as adjuvant substances in the treatment of ADHD, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinsonism, and Meniere’s diseases [5]. Traditional theories believe that endogenous liver wind is associated with ADHA
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