Abstract
The relationship between dietary habits and diabetes has not been studied efficiently in Saudi Arabia and the available diabetes risk models does not focus much on diet, nor do they capture the overall dietary behaviors. The purpose of this research was to test empirically the hypothesised dietary consultation model that has been proposed for more effective diabetes care. This exploratory study was conducted on type 2 diabetic Saudi patients visiting the Primary Health Care Centres in Almajmaah city. The data comprising 350 patients were collected from 5 th February – 24 th April, 2017 through systematic sampling technique using direct investigation method. Data was collected through four questionnaires. Composite scores were extracted for all variables under study and analysed by Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach using SmartPLS 3.2.6 software. Evaluation of formative outer and inner model relationships validated the hypothesised dietary consultation model. Power of study, coefficient of determination, effect size, total effects, and model fit index further validated the findings. The validated dietary consultation model facilitates a new healthcare paradigm which can give a better understanding of diabetes management at stakeholder and individual level. Healthcare givers should pay special emphasis on diabetics’ diabetes mellitus knowledge, dietary knowledge, and dietary attitude, as these factors influence each other, dietary practices and HbA1c. Healthcare givers can use this model alone or by integrating it with available diabetes risk models to carry out the dietary assessment of type 2 diabetics.
Highlights
According to 2016 estimates, the population of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is over 18 million and is rapidly growing
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed that maximum variance explained by one factor was 34.23% that had Eigenvalue of 5.819
The findings of this study provide important implications for healthcare stakeholders that includes healthcare organizations, healthcare givers and, healthcare managers, etc
Summary
According to 2016 estimates, the population of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is over 18 million and is rapidly growing. The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in KSA is increasing at an alarming level, every other adult, aged above 30, is prone to diabetes (Wild et al, 2004). Several studies consider the Saudi prevalence of T2DM as an. It has many serious microvascular and macrovascular complications. A report published in Arab news by Irfan (2012) stated that the cost of treating diabetes in KSA had been reported as high as about 30 billion Saudi Riyals (SAR). The annual cost of treating an uncomplicated case of diabetes comes to around SAR 5,000, while it soars up to 38 times (SAR 180,000) with the addition of any one diabetes complication
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