Assessment of 16 Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) CSSLs Derived from an Interspecific Cross for Yield and Yield Component Traits: QTL Validation

Hodo-Abalo Tossim,Joel Romaric Nguepjop,Daniel Fonceka,Maguette Seye,Aissatou Sambou,Cyril Diatta,Jean-François Rami,Djibril Sane

doi:10.3390/agronomy10040583

Abstract

Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (2n = 4× = 40) with narrow genetic diversity. In previous studies, we developed an advanced backcross quantitative trait loci (AB-QTL) population from the cross between the synthetic allotetraploid ((Arachis ipaensis × Arachis duranensis)4×) and the cultivated variety Fleur11, and mapped several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in yield and yield components. We also developed a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population as a way to mendelize the QTLs and analyzing their effects. In this study, 16 CSSLs were used for assessing the contribution of wild alleles in yield performance and stability across environments, as well as validating QTLs for pod and seed size. The CSSLs and the recurrent parent Fleur11, used as a check, were assessed using an alpha lattice design in three locations during two consecutive rainy seasons in Senegal, totaling six environments. Our results showed that the chromosome segments from the wild species, in general, have no yield disadvantage and contributed positive variation to yield-related traits. Most of the QTLs detected for pod and seed size in the AB-QTL on linkage groups A07, A08, A09, and B06 were also found in the CSSLs, showing that the CSSLs used in this study are accurate material for QTL validation. Several new QTLs have also been identified. Two CSSLs (12CS_031 and 12CS_069) showed consistently higher pod and seed size than Fleur11 in all environments, suggesting that the QTLs were consistent and stable. Our study opens the way for pyramiding these QTLs for peanut improvement.

Highlights

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), called groundnut, is a major oil crop, along with soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, and cotton
We found that wild alleles do not confer significant pod yield disadvantages for most of the lines in found that wild alleles do not confer significant pod yield disadvantages for most of the lines in most most of the environments, except for the 12CS_098 line, which showed a significantly lower yield than of the environments, except for the 12CS_098 line, which showed a significantly lower yield than
We showed that chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) are a powerful mapping population for validating quantitative trait loci (QTL) and identifying new ones

Summary

Introduction

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), called groundnut, is a major oil crop, along with soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, and cotton. It is mainly grown by resource-poor farmers in Africa and Asia to produce edible oil for human consumption. Peanuts are a complete food and ingredient, because they provide the highest protein content of all Agronomy 2020, 10, 583; doi:10.3390/agronomy10040583 www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy. The highest yields (3.3 t·ha−1 and 2.18 t·ha−1 ) are found in America and in Asia, respectively, while lowest yield (0.9 t·ha−1 )

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Discussion

Conclusion