ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY OF GREEN PLANTATIONS VITALITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF TECHNOGENIC-TRANSFORMED ECOSYSTEMS

Abstract

The most informative parameters of woody plants living condition are analyzed, which should be used for ecological monitoring of urbanized and oil-contaminated areas. The reactions of the plant organism at different levels of the biosystem organization in response to the action of priority pollutants of the technogenic-transformed environment - heavy metals and oil products - are given. The relevance of the study of oil pollution as one of the main environmental problems of today is substantiated. Adaptive-protective reactions characteristic of resistant plant species and destructive changes in stress-sensitive phytoobjects are highlighted. It is established that the widest range of plant reactions to man-made environmental influences can be found at the molecular, cellular and organ levels of biosystems organization. Based on a set of morphological, physiological, cytological, histological and phenological processes of plants, it is recommended to use indicator species in biomonitoring studies, and remediative species - in reclamation measures of anthropogenically altered areas. Methodical approaches to the assessment of the ecological condition of urbanized and oil-contaminated ecosystems, based on the specifics of zoning and the choice of background area, are highlighted. The classes of vitality and the categories of plant stability are characterized on the basis of the percentage deviation of the analyzed plant parameters with the background values. The prospects of green plantations as primary producers of organic matter and recipients of complex influence of biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic environmental factors are substantiated. The criteria for sampling plant material for bioindication studies in order to obtain reliable factual data are described. The relationship between the processes that occur at all levels of the biosystem hierarchy of the plant organism - from molecular to ecosystem – is highlighted. Based on the establishment of the living condition of green areas of urbanized and oil-contaminated areas, it is possible to timely record the slightest changes in the ecological state of the environment and prevent further negative trends in it.