Assessing wines based on total phenols, phenolic acids and chemometrics by multivariate analyses

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the phenolic profile of some red wines produced from native Turkish grape varieties ( Vitis vinifera Okuzgozu, V. vinifera Bogazkere and V. vinifera Shiraz) and some red fruit wines produced from pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.), myrtle ( Myrtus communis L.) and black mulberry ( Morus nigra L.). Red grape wines and fruit wines were produced according to accepted conventional methods for wines and fruit wines regulations. At the end of productions all samples, were analyzed for the following parameters: total phenols (mg/L) and color parameters such as %D280, %D420, %D520, %D620, %DA, %IC,T, %ICI ,%R, %Y and %B. By using HPLC method, the following parameters were determined: gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acids. The order of wines according to the total phenolic contents from the highest to the lowest values was determined to be: Bogazkere > Okuzgozu > mulberry > Shiraz > myrtle > pomegranate wines. The highest values for gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid were determined in bilberry, pomegranate, Shiraz, mulberry, Bogazkere and Okuzgozu wines, respectively. Analyses of n-dimensional scale demonstrated the relationship between pomegranate wine and p-hydroxybenzoic/syringic acid; bilberry wine and gallic acid; Shiraz/Bogazkere and caffeic acid/p-coumaric acids; Okuzgozu and ferulic acid; total phenols and Shiraz/pomegranate/Bogazkere wines. Keywords : Phenols, colors, fruit wines, red wines African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(22), pp. 3563-3569