Assessing Vulnerability from Its Description

Abstract

AbstractThis paper shows an end-to-end Artificial Intelligence (AI) system to estimate the severity level and the various Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) components from natural language descriptions without reproducing the vulnerability. This natural language processing-based approach can estimate the CVSS from only the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures description without the need to reproduce the vulnerability environment. We present an Error Grid Analysis for the CVSS base score prediction task. Experiments on CVSS 2.0 and CVSS 3.1 show that state-of-the-art deep learning models can predict the CVSS scoring components with high accuracy. The low-cost Universal Sentence Encoder (large) model outperforms the Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3 (GPT-3) and the Support Vector Machine baseline on the majority of the classification tasks with a lower computation overhead than the GPT-3.KeywordsThreat IntelligenceArtificial IntelligenceCVSSDeep LearningNatural Language Processing