Assessing the Tidal Stream Resource for energy extraction in The Netherlands

Abstract

In order to accelerate the transition from carbon fuels to renewable energy sources, it is essential to extend our knowledge of the resources’ availability to further improve or adjust the design of extraction devices. In the present paper, a first characterization of the tidal stream resource along the coast of The Netherlands is performed using a high-resolution unstructured grid implementation of the Thetis model. Extensive validation of the sea surface elevations was done by comparing with existing networks of tide gauges in the North Sea. The simulations from this study show that the highest tidal current intensities are generated mainly at Den Helder and Oost Vlieland, reaching values >1.5 ms−1 and power density estimates that are most frequently close to 300 Wm−2 and that can reach values ≥900Wm−2. Given the relatively reduced depths where these “hot spots” are found, most existing stream turbines will require further development to operate. Nevertheless, the existence of higher current intensities zones, along a commonly considered “low energy” coast, opens the door to include the tidal stream resource in near future plans to diversify the energy supply in The Netherlands.