Assessing the Short-term Survival of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Some of its Predicting Factors in Dezful during 2018-2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and the most important cause of disability in most countries. This study aimed to investigate short-term survival (28 days) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to determine some predictive factors of short-term survival in these patients. Subjects and Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted on 260 patients with AMI in Ganjavian Hospital, a referral hospital in Dezful, Iran, during 2018-2019. Life table and Kaplan Meier analyses were used for the assessment of short-term survival rate. Log rank, Wilcoxon tests, and Cox multivariate regression were used to compare survival functions and determine the predictive factors of short-term survival. Results The mean age of the patients was 57.91 ± 10.76 years, and 193 (74.23%) were male. The survival rate was 90% on the 28th day. In Cox regression, the risk of death in women was higher than that in men (HR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.08-3.47). Also, the risk of death had a statistically significant association with diabetes status (HR=2.87,95% CI: 1.21-6.78), history of ACS (HR=3.03, CI95%: 1.32-6.92), EF<30 (HR=5.24, CI95%: 1.68-9.30), thrombolytic drugs (HR=1.84, CI95%: 1.10-3.57), arrhythmia (HR=6.98,95% CI: 2.31-21.08) and anterior MI (HR=1.67, CI95%: 1.27-2.79). Conclusion In the AMI patients, the 28-day survival rate was about 90%, which was the highest risk of death in the first 8 days after an AMI. The factors of sex, diabetes status, history of ACS, EF, thrombolytic drugs, arrhythmia, and location of AMI were associated with the survival of patients. Therefore, timely and appropriate follow-up of treatment, especially in high-risk groups, plays an important role in increasing survival in patient with AMI