Abstract
The present study aims to access the role of maternal health care knowledge and practices in developing postpartum depressive symptoms among Pakistani women. The data was collected from 400 rural mothers, having a child up to one year of age in four rural towns of Faisalabad. An interview schedule approach was used for collection of data. Results showed that lack of education, income, maternal health care knowledge and health care practices were the most important predictors of postpartum depression. The values of chi-square (26.419) and (59.734) showed a highly significant association (P = 0.000) between lack of health care knowledge and postpartum depressive symptoms and health care practices as well as postpartum depressive symptoms, respectively. Additionally, the compulsion of social taboos (eat specific food, not allow to go outside home, infant care, spouse attachment) in the antenatal/postpartum period increased the level of emotional distress such as low mood, anxiety, poor concentration and stress. The study suggested that women’s consultancy with a health care professional to obtain postpartum instructions is beneficial for healthy mothers and their child.
Highlights
Air travel has become a major part of the world’s transportation system and an important service industry
The result of the servqual model shows that the passenger satisfaction rating of reliability dimension (0.66) is the highest followed by responsiveness (0.52), empathy (0.52), tangible (0.41), and assurance (0.36) has the least rating
The findings reveal that passengers’ satisfaction rating for reliability dimension record the highest servqual gap score followed by responsiveness and empathy
Summary
Air travel has become a major part of the world’s transportation system and an important service industry. In a dynamic and competitive environment like air transport industry, airlines must continuously identify important organization’s strategic values and transform them into improved performance results (Brink and Berndt, 2008). Airlines must strive to render quality and innovative services distinct from other airlines. The quality of service rendered by the airlines determines the level of passengers’ satisfaction. It is important for an airline to understand a passenger’s expectations before the experience begins to the likely assessments when it is over to gain a higher level of service satisfaction (Berry et al, 2002)
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