Abstract
Increasing participation in demand response within the industrial sector may be crucial to growing the levels of available flexible capacity required to reliably control national electricity grids as renewable generation increases to satisfy emission targets. This research aims to assist the uptake of demand response in the industrial sector by investigating risk to indoor thermal environments on industrial sites offering air handling unit capacity for demand response. This evaluation uses a systematic model-based approach, calibrated and validated with empirical data from a relevant case study industrial building to assess risk through a number of scenarios. The conditions investigated cover several relevant grid response times and durations, and national and international extreme external ambient temperatures in the past, present and future under a variety of temperature limits. The study demonstrated that there is very low risk to the case study site participating in demand response, with only 15 of 264 initial and 284 of 936 total scenarios triggering any risk. The major factors affecting risk levels identified were more stringent temperature limits and the influence of more extreme climates. The development and implementation of this concept has considerable potential to benefit industrial participants and the wider national electricity grids.
Highlights
Published: 1 October 2021In order to meet binding international targets and climate commitments limiting global warming to less than 2 ◦ C relative to pre-industrial levels [1], governments and policy-makers worldwide are urgently driving strategies to reduce emissions with particular emphasis on Renewable Energy Sources (RES)
In the case of TCR2 and TCR3, all risk events were triggered by excursions outside the temperature limits while 21 of these events deemed a risk exceeded the requirements of TDR1
As the Irish electricity grid is influenced by wind generation, which will continue to grow in the future, the clear risk free flexible capacity available from this concept during these times could be invaluable to the Transmission System Operators (TSO)
Summary
Published: 1 October 2021In order to meet binding international targets and climate commitments limiting global warming to less than 2 ◦ C relative to pre-industrial levels [1], governments and policy-makers worldwide are urgently driving strategies to reduce emissions with particular emphasis on Renewable Energy Sources (RES). In 2019, the share of RES in the Irish generation fuel mix increased to 25.7% compared with 22.3% in 2018, primarily due to the significant increase in wind generation [3]. 31.3% of normalised electricity generated, making it the second largest source of electricity generation after natural gas in the Irish network [3]. This increase and continued growth in RES are vital for Ireland to achieve its emission reduction targets, the EU-wide emissions policies aggressively chasing a 40% reduction by 2030 [4]. A major factor to achieving this is increasing the level of RES and non-synchronous generation that can be safely and reliably included in the grid at any time, as this will help the transition away
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