Assessing the Relationship between Fingerprints and Lip Prints Patterns with Gender and Blood Group at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Fingerprints and lip prints are unique biometric markers extensively studied in forensic science for individual identification. Objective: This study investigates the relationship between fingerprints and lip print patterns concerning gender and blood group characteristics within a tertiary care hospital setting. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Forensic Medicine Loralai Medical College, Loralai Pakistan. Duration: From August 2022 to January 2023. Methods: Total 150 patients involving the collection of fingerprints and lip prints from participants were enrolled. Gender and blood group information were also recorded. Statistical analysis, including correlation tests and chi-square analysis, was employed to examine associations between biometric patterns and demographic variables. Results: The mean age of the sample population was 37.53 years, with a standard deviation of 3.2 years. Approximately 53.33% of the participants were male, while 46.67% were female. Groups A and O each comprised 26.67% of the sample, while group AB accounted for 16.67%. Type II and Type III patterns followed, accounting for 23.33% and 20.00%, respectively, while Type I patterns were least common at 16.67%. In terms of fingerprint types, loops were the most prevalent at 46.67%, followed by whorls at 30.00% and arches at 23.33%. The correlation indicates significant associations between lip prints and fingerprints with gender (χ² = 7.128, df = 3, p < 0.001*) and between lip prints and fingerprints with blood group (χ² = 5.454, df = 3, p = 0.001*). These findings suggest that gender and blood group may influence the distribution of lip prints and fingerprints. Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant associations between fingerprints, lip prints, gender, and blood group characteristics among individuals at a tertiary care hospital. These findings underscore the potential utility of integrating biometric parameters for enhanced forensic identification and medical diagnostics.