Abstract
ObjectiveThe prevalence of pre-diabetes is increasing globally with more than 470 million people projected to develop pre-diabetes by 2030. In Africa, the average prevalence of pre-diabetes was estimated at 7.3% in 2015 and affected individual will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus within few decades. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-diabetes and associated risk factors among residents of Iganga municipality. A cross-sectional study was conducted among males and females aged 13–60 years. District health office provided updated household list from which sampling of the villages was performed based on probability proportionate to population. Consented participants were prepared for the study, allowing fasting for 8 to 10 h before blood collection the next morning. Individuals with impaired fasting glucose, were subjected to OGTT.Results130 participants were enrolled, of which 98 were women. The mean age of the participants was 35 years. The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 3.8%. The proportion of impaired glucose tolerance was higher in current smokers (p = 0.01), obese participants (p = 0.002) and hypertensive participants (p < 0.001). Prevalence of pre-diabetes is high in this community and is associated with current smoking, hypertension and high BMI.
Highlights
Pre-diabetes is a state characterized by one or combinations of these factors; impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and elevated glycated haemoglobin [1, 2]
The proportion of impaired glucose tolerance was higher in current smokers (p = 0.01), obese participants (p = 0.002) and hypertensive participants (p < 0.001)
Prevalence of pre-diabetes is high in this community and is associated with current smoking, hypertension and high Body mass index (BMI)
Summary
We recruited 130 participants aged 13 to 60 years, 98 (75.4%) of which were females and 32 (24.6%) were males. The overall mean fasting glucose (FBG) level was 4.9 mmol/L (95% CI 4.9, 5.1 mmol/L). The mean FBG was 4.8 mmol/L (95% CI 4.8, 5.2 mmol/L) among males and 4.9 mmol/L (95%; CI 4.8, 5.2 mmol/L among females (p = 0.8). Majority of the participants 122 (93.8%) had normal blood glucose levels, 5 (3.9%) had impaired fasting glucose and the rest 3 (2.3%) had diabetes mellitus. The proportion of impaired glucose tolerance was higher in current smokers (16.7%) compared to nonsmokers (3.3%) (p = 0.01). 13 of our participants were obese of which 1 was male and 12 were females. Multivariate logistic regression shows obesity is associated with impaired glucose tolerance (p = 0.002). 0.91 tolerance shows a positive association between hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance (p < 0.001)
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