Abstract
Introduction. Stroke is one of the principal leading causes of death globally. In 2005, stroke cause approximate 5.7 million death, 87% of deaths was in low and middle-income countries. Recently period, collecting evidence indicated that inflammation and atherosclerosis play important roles in stroke evolution. Material and method. In this prospective longitudinal observational study including 340 patients with acute ischemic stroke with / without diabetes mellitus we analyzed as main criteria infectious factors, inflammatory factors and biochemical factors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 101 diabetic patients (study group) and 239 non-diabetic patients (control group), were we analyzed as main criteria infectious factors (cytomegalovirus IgG plasma level, cytomegalovirus IgM plasma level, Helicobacter pylori IgG plasma level), inflammatory factors (leucocyte, C-reactive protein) and biochemical (plasma level of fibrinogen). Results. Cytomegalovirus-IgG levels are lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with an arithmetic mean of 1170 AU/ml (95% CI 862.4169 to 1477.8326) versus 1398 AU/ml (95% CI 1169.6839 to 1627,2042) but this difference, although it exists, is not statistically significant p = 0.123. The cytomegalovirus-IgM level is lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients a statistically significant difference, p 0.001. The Helicobacter IgG level is lower in diabetic patients with a mean value of 1.0763 U/ml with a 95% CI from 0.8141 to 1.3386 versus non-diabetics with an average of 1.3943 U/ml with a CI of 95% from 1.1963 to 1.5923, but this difference, although there, is not statistically significant, p = 0.07.The number of leukocytes diagnosed in diabetic patients is lower than that of people without diabetes (p = 0.0001). The level of C-reactive protein at diagnosis of diabetic patients is lower (an average value of 3.0207mg/dl with a 95% CI of 0.9726 to 5.0688) than in people who do not suffer from diabetes (arithmetic mean of 5.8218 mg/dl with a 95% CI of 0.5894 to 11.0542), but this difference is not statistically significant. The serum level of fibrinogen at the diagnosis of diabetic patients is lower, with a mean value of 399.4 mg/dl with a 95% CI of 327.7993 to 471.0749, than that of people without diabetes, with an arithmetic mean of 653.8 mg/dl, with a 95% CI of 497.8700 to 809.8647, the difference being statistically significant, p = 0.041. Conclusions. Inflammatory markers such as leukocyte levels at intake, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen levels showed lower levels at admission in diabetic patients versus non-diabetic patients. There is no statistically significant difference between diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients regarding cytomegalovirus IgG levels, referring to cytomegalovirus IgM level is lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with significant statistically difference. The Helicobacter IgG level is lower in diabetic patients versus non-diabetics patients.
Highlights
Stroke is one of the principal leading causes of death globally
Cytomegalovirus-IgG levels are lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with an arithmetic mean of 1170 AU/ml versus 1398 AU/ml but this difference, it exists, is not statistically significant p = 0.123
The Helicobacter IgG level is lower in diabetic patients with a mean value of 1.0763 U/ml with a 95% CI from 0.8141 to 1.3386 versus non-diabetics with an average of 1.3943 U/ml with a CI of 95% from 1.1963 to 1.5923, but this difference, there, is not statistically significant, p = 0.07.The number of leukocytes diagnosed in diabetic patients is lower than that of people without diabetes (p = 0.0001)
Summary
Stroke is one of the principal leading causes of death globally. In 2005, stroke cause approximate 5.7 million death, 87% of deaths was in low and middle-income countries. Stroke is one of the principal leading causes of death globally [2]. In 2016, according to “a systematic analysis for the global study on the burden of disease in 2016”, stroke remains the second leading cause of death in the world, with 5.5 million deaths [4]. Increased fibrinogen levels have been linked to early symptoms of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic patients [7]. In a numerous prospective studies, increased fibrinogen levels have been found as a significant risk factor for future cardiovascular events [8,9,10,11]
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