Assessing the Influence of Electrode Polarity on the Treatment of Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater.

Kulyash Meiramkulova,Tursynkul Bazarbayeva,Ainagul Apendina,Akubayeva Dariya,Raigul Orynbassar,Almas Tleukulov,Nabiollina Madina,Togzhan Mashan,Nurgul Nurmukhanbetova

doi:10.3390/molecules27031014

Abstract

Electrochemical methods have been increasingly gaining popularity in the field of wastewater treatment. However, the performance of these methods can be highly affected by the polarity direction as determined by the electrodes arrangement (anode to cathode or cathode to anode); as well as the characteristics of the wastewater to be treated as determined by the type of wastewater. The presented research work investigated the relationship between polarity direction and the removal of pollutants from poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using titanium and aluminium electrode materials. In the first case, the wastewater was exposed to the Ti (anode)-Al (cathode) combination, whereas in the second case the wastewater was subjected to the Al (anode)-Ti (cathode) arrangement. The two cases were designed to see if the polarity direction of the chosen electrode materials affected the removal of pollutants. The removal efficiencies were computed as a ratio of the remaining concentration in the treated effluent to the concentration before treatment. It was observed that the production processes generate highly fluctuating wastewater in terms of pollution loading; for instance, 422 to 5340 Pt-Co (minimum to maximum) were recorded from color, 126 to 2264 mg/L were recorded from total dissolved solids, and 358 to 5998 mg/L from chemical oxygen demand. Also, the research results after 40 min of retention time showed that both electrode arrangements achieved relatively high removal efficiencies; Whereby, the aluminium to titanium polarity achieved up to 100% removal efficiency from turbidity while the titanium to aluminium polarity achieved a maximum of 99.95% removal efficiency from turbidty. Also, a similar phenomenon was observed from total dissolved solids; whereby, on average 0 mg/L was achieved when the wastewater was purified using the aluminium to titanium arrangement, while on average 2 mg/L was achieved from the titanium to aluminium arrangement. A little higher removal efficiency discrepancy was observed from ammonia; whereby, the aluminium to titanium arrangement outperformed the titanium to aluminium arrangement with average removal efficiencies of 82.27% and 64.11%, respectively.

Highlights

Poultry production activities are among the giant water consumers and wastewater generators in the world
Two main cases were covered in this study; case number one, the titanium electrode is used as anode and the aluminium electrode is used as cathode
The aluminium electrode is used as an anode, and the titanium electrode is as a cathode

Summary

Introduction

Poultry production activities are among the giant water consumers and wastewater generators in the world. It is estimated that the poultry production processes generate approximately 20 to 40 L of wastewater per processed bird, with 25 L being a typical value [2]. The most challenging part is that the activities in the slaughterhouse generate one of the highly polluted types of wastewaters [4]. The generated wastewater is characterized by a high level of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and a complex mixture of fats, proteins, and fibers requiring systematic treatment before discharge or recycling [5,6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion