Assessing the genetic diversity of twenty one Colombo limon L. genotypes through multivariate and covariance matrix analysis

Abstract

Article Details: Received: 2020-10-02 | Accepted: 2020-11-18 | Available online: 2021-06-30 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.02.110-116 Genetic diversity of selected 21 colombo lemon (Colombo limon L.) genotypes were evaluated through multivariate analysis and also through covariance matrix to identify the promising parents for an auspicious crossing program for development of location specific high yielding genotypes. To view the endurance of significant heterogeneity, the genetic constitution of selected 21 genotypes were classified into four clusters (I, II, III & IV). Among them, the assemblage cluster II dominated the maximum number of genetic constitution, whereas assemblage cluster I possessed minimum number of genetic constitution. Surrounded by the genetic constitution, the first principal axis largely affords 47.1% of the variation. Inter genotypic gap was observed the highest (13.82) between the genetic constitution in both ‘CL002’ and ‘CL017’ genotypes, followed by genotypes ‘CL002’ and ‘CL019’. The maximum intracluster distance was noticed (23.33) for cluster IV, whereas cluster III showed the lowest intracluster distance (10.62). In between assemblage clusters I and IV showed the highest interassemblage distance (165.64), while the lowest distance (44.84) was estimated between II and III assemblages. Considering the cluster mean bulky fruit remarked in cluster IV (256.00 g). Besides these the highest fruit yield plant-1 was also recorded in cluster IV (20.50 kg). In respect of both quantitative parameters, assemblage IV was quite diverse compare with all other assemblages. Contemplating the immensity of genetic distance and quantitative performance the genotypes ‘CL002’, ‘CL005’, ‘CL006’ and ‘CL011’ from cluster IV obviously pertinent for productive crossing program to promote high yielding colombo lemon genotypes. Keywords: genetic diversity, colombo lemon, genotypes, multivariate analysis, clusters References Abbate, L. et al. (2012). Genetic improvement of Citrus fruits: New somatic hybrids from Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. and Citrus limon (L.) Burm. F. Food Research International, 48(1), 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.04.007 Alam, A.K.M.M. et al. (2011). Estimation of genetic diversity in lentil germplasm. AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science, 33(2), 103–110. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v33i2.51 Bauer, M. et al. (2010). A pooled analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled studies of extended release quetiapine fumarate adjunctive to antidepressant therapy in patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 127(1–3), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2010.08.032 Breto, M.P. et al. (2001). The diversification of Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tan., a vegetatively propagated crop species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 21, 285–293. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.1008 Das, P.K. & Gupta, T.D. (1984). Multivariate analysis in black gram (Vigna mungo (L) Hepper). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 44(2), 243–247. Emannuel, E.E. (2002). Morphometric traits and DNA profiles of three generations of selected coconut genotypes. M.S. Thesis. University of Philippines (UPLB), Los Banos, Laguna. Grosser, J.W. et al. (2000). Somatic hybridization in citrus: An effective tool to facilitate variety improvement. Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 36, 434–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-000-0080-9 Harlan, J.R. (1984). Evaluation of wild relatives of crop plants. In: Holden, J. H. W., Williams, J. T. (Eds). Crop genetic resources: conservation and evaluation. George Allen and Unwin Publishers, London (pp. 212–222). Hawkes, J.G. (1981). Germplasm collection, preservation and use. In: Frey, K. J. (ed.) Plant breeding II. Iowa State University Press, Ames, (pp. 57–83). Hoque, A.K.M.A. et al. (2017). Collection and evaluation of Colombo lemon germplasm at Narsingdi region, Bangladesh. Eco-friendly Agriculture Journal, 10(7), 86–89. Iezzoni, A.F. & Pritts, M.P. (1991). Application of principal component analysis to horticultural research. HortScience, 26, 334–338. Kaysar, M.I. et al. (2017). An economic analysis of Jara and Colombo lemon production in Bangladesh. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 15(2), 289–296. Kong, Q. et al. (2012). The MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 kinase cascade negatively regulates immunity mediated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, 24(5), 2225–2236. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.097253 Luan, F.S. et al. (2008). Chinese melon (Cucumis melo) diversity analyses provide strategies for germplasm curation, genetic improvement and evidentiary support of domestication patterns. Euphytica, 164(2), 445–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9699-0 Mamede, A.M.G.N. et al. (2020). Lemon. In: Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fruits and Vegetables (pp. 377–392). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812780-3.00023-4 Maya, M.A. et al. (2012). Assessment of genetic relationship among 15 citrus fruits using RAPD. Asian Journal of Biotechnology, 4(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbkr.2012.30.37 Nalla, M.K. et al. (2014). Assessment of genetic diversity through D2 analysis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.). International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 6(3), 431–438. Nwosisi, S. et al. (2019) Genetic diversity in vegetable and fruit crops. In: Nandwani D. (eds) Genetic Diversity in Horticultural Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 22. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96454-6_4 Odony, T.I. et al. (2011). Determination of genetic structure of germplasm collections: are traditional hierarchical clustering methods appropriate for molecular marker data? Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 123, 195–205. Quamruzzaman, A.K.M. et al. (2009). Genetic divergence analysis in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 34(4), 705–712. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5845 Rao V.R. & H.-T. (2002). Genetic diversity and conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 68, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013359015812 Roose, M.L. et al. (2014). August. Conservation of citrus germplasm: an international survey. In XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014): IV 1101 (pp. 33–38). Sharma, N. et al. (2015). Assessment of genetic diversity in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi‘ Macf) cultivars using physico-chemical parameters and microsatellite markers. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 9(1), 62–68. Singh, R.K. & Chaudhary, B.D. (1985). Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetics Analysis. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana. Spreen, T.H. (2010). Projections of world production and consumption of citrus to 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2020 from http://www.fao.org/3/X6732E/x6732e02.htm Swain, D. & Dikshit, U.N. (1997). Genetic divergence in rabi sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 57(3), 296–300. Uddin, M.S. et al. (2014). Genetic diversity in eggplant genotypes for heat tolerance. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 12(2), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21914 Uzun, A. et al. (2009) Characterization for yield, fruit quality, and molecular profiles of lemon genotypes tolerant to ‘mal secco’ disease. Scientia Horticulturae, 122, 556–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.031 Zamani, Z. et al. (2013). Comparative analysis of genetic structure and variability in wild and cultivated pomegranates as revealed by morphological variables and molecular markers. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 299(10), 1967–1980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0851-5