Assessing the Frequency and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Isolated Bacteria from Septicemic Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Septicemia is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide that increases the hospitalization time and also raises the cost for patients. The current study aimed to evaluate the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of blood culture isolates from the hemodialysis patients referred to Hasheminejad Hospital in Tehran, Iran.Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study the records of 1090 patients who undergone hemodialysis in Hasheminejad Hospital Urinary Tract and Kidney Center between 2012 and 2013 were evaluated. At least two Blood samples from each patients were collected under sterile conditions and was injected into blood culture bottles. After 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, samples were cultured in sheep blood agar (BA), chocolate agar and eosin methylene blue agar (EMB). Disc diffusion on Muller Hinton Agar (HIMEDIA, India) was performed to define the susceptibility. Spss software version 20 was used to analyze the data.Results: From 1090 patients 186 subjects had positive blood culture from them 121 were male and 65 were female. The most frequent isolated species are as follow respectively: coagulase positive Staphylococcus 68 (37%), Escherichia coli 47 (26%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 25 (14%), Streptococcus Group D 22 (12%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus 13 (7%), Streptococcus group A 4 (2%), Klebsiella 2 (1%), and Bacillus 1 (1%). Gram negative bacteria were mostly sensitive to nitrofurantoin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. In addition, gram positive bacteria were mostly sensitive to vancomycin, amikacin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, imidazole, colistin, erythromycin, and oflatoxin.Conclusion: The result of the current study determined the most prevalent bacteria that are responsible for septicemia in Tehran, Iran, and the most effective antimicrobials for treatment of septicemia in this area which could help physicians to select a proper antibiotics for initial antimicrobial therapy.