Abstract
AbstractThe implementation of lockdown measures due to the COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in wide-ranging social and environmental implications. Among the environmental impacts is a decrease in urban noise levels which has so far been observed at the city scale via noise mapping efforts conducted through the framework of the Environmental Noise Directive. This study aims to understand how lockdown measures have manifested at a local level to better determine how the person-level experience of the urban soundscape has been affected and how these affects differ across urban space typologies. Taking London as a case study, a series of 30-second binaural recordings were taken at 11 locations representing a cross-section of urban public spaces with varying compositions of sound sources during Spring 2019 (pre-lockdown, N = 620) and Spring 2020 (during-lockdown, N = 481). Five acoustic and psychoacoustic metrics (LAeq,LA10,LA90, Loudness, Sharpness) were calculated for each recording and their changes from the pre-lockdown scenario to the lockdown scenario are investigated. Clustering analysis was performed which grouped the locations into 3 types of urban settings based on their acoustic characteristics. An average reduction of 5.4 dB (LAeq) was observed, however significant differences in the degree of reduction were found across the locations, ranging from a 10.7 dB to a 1.2 dB reduction. This study confirms the general reduction in noise levels due to the nationally imposed lockdown measures, identifies trends which vary depending on the urban context and discusses the implications for the limits of urban noise reduction.
Highlights
The implementation of lockdown measures due to the COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in wide-ranging social and environmental implications
These are sites in Central London on arterial roads where the acoustic environment is dominated by road traffic; they are in the immediate proximity of public transport stops, with relatively high number of buses in transit, since bus services timetables underwent little variation during the lockdown
The sites where the smallest average sound level reductions were observed are Regent’s Park Japanese Garden (−1.2 dB between 2019 and 2020) and St Pancras Lock (−1.5 dB between 2019 and 2020): the former is located in the middle of Regent’s Park and its acoustic environment is dominated by an artificial waterfall producing a relatively loud sound that masks most other sources, the level reduction most likely reflects the absence of visitors; the latter is a canal walk dominated by the sound of a water feature
Summary
Abstract: The implementation of lockdown measures due to the COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in wide-ranging social and environmental implications. This study aims to understand how lockdown measures have manifested at a local level to better determine how the person-level experience of the urban soundscape has been affected and how these affects differ across urban space typologies. Taking London as a case study, a series of 30-second binaural recordings were taken at 11 locations representing a cross-section of urban public spaces with varying compositions of sound sources during Spring 2019 (pre-lockdown, N = 620) and Spring 2020 (during-lockdown, N = 481). An average reduction of 5.4 dB (LAeq) was observed, significant differences in the degree of reduction were found across the locations, ranging from a 10.7 dB to a 1.2 dB reduction. This study confirms the general reduction in noise levels due to the nationally imposed lockdown measures, identifies trends which vary depending on the urban context and discusses the implications for the limits of urban noise reduction
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