Assessing Strengths and Weaknesses in Solving Work Problems: A Knowledge and Appraisal Personality Architecture (KAPA) Analysis of the Trait Conscientiousness and Self-Efficacy

Abstract

Our goal was to demonstrate the effect of personal strengths and weaknesses when solving work related problems among students enrolled in business courses. We predicted that each participant would uniquely activate personal knowledge (such as strengths and weaknesses) in situations idiosyncratically judged as relevant to his or her strength or weakness. 65 participants completed all the measures of a two-study program (37 participants in study 1 and 28 participants in study 2). At the outset of both studies, participants completed a card sorting task regarding the relevance of self identified (via a brief written narrative) personal strengths and weaknesses to work related problems. In both studies, we primed our participants with their personal strengths and personal weaknesses (counter balance session 1 and session 2) then assessed their self-efficacy for solving work related problems. In study 1 we also assessed the participants’ perceived effectiveness at solving work problems. The results indicated that perceived self-efficacy varied as a function of the interaction between personal knowledge and appraisal of the situations. Participants who were primed with their personal strength (weakness) reported the highest (lowest) self-efficacy for the work problems that were relevant to their strength (weakness). The results also indicated that self-efficacy in turn mediated perceived effectiveness to handle work problems over conscientiousness.